紫式部の足跡と千年の都、平安京の遺構を巡る京都日帰り一人旅！【地歴文化の旅 京都編】

紫式部の足跡と千年の都、平安京の遺構を巡る京都日帰り一人旅！【地歴文化の旅 京都編】

Hello everyone, I’m Aki! This time, we would like to take a walk around Kyoto and learn about the footprints of Murasaki Shikibu, who is the author of “The Tale of Genji,” which is said to be the world’s oldest full-length novel by a woman , and who was also the subject of the Taiga drama “Hikaru Kimi e.” While visiting the remains of Heiankyo, where she lived about 1,000 years ago, we would like to take a walk around Kyoto! First, we took a 20-minute city bus ride from Kyoto Station to the Kyoto Imperial Palace.The first place we visited on this trip to Kyoto was Rozan-dera, the head temple of the Tendai Enjo sect, which was founded in the early 900s, just to the east of the Kyoto Imperial Palace, several decades before Murasaki Shikibu was born.In fact, this is a temple that has connections to Murasaki Shikibu! Originally, this area was the site of a mansion built by Murasaki Shikibu’s great-grandfather, Fujiwara Kanesuke, and it was inherited by Murasaki’s father, Fujiwara Tametoki. Murasaki Shikibu himself grew up in this very place, and is said to have written the Tale of Genji. In front of the gate, it is written, “Murasaki Shikibu Mansion, where the Tale of Genji was written.” Passing through the magnificent temple gate, we would like to take a stroll around the grounds! This Rozanji Temple also has a “Genji Garden” named after Murasaki Shikibu.In places in Kyoto that are connected to Murasaki Shikibu, there are basically signboards with explanations like this.You can learn new things while walking around. It’s a blessing for history buffs like me. There seems to be an exhibit related to The Tale of Genji inside the main hall . I was nervous for a moment because I thought photography was not allowed, but this part seems to be fine. After paying the admission fee, you can enter the room. At the entrance, you will be greeted by a statue of Murasaki Shikibu. It is said that Murasaki Shikibu’s childhood, marriage, childbirth, etc., in addition to writing The Tale of Genji, were spent most of his life in the mansion located in this location. In front of the main hall is the “Genji Garden,” which is a recreation of a garden from the Heian period.It is named after the Karesansui Shikibu, which is beautifully made from white sand and green moss from Shirakawa, Kyoto , and is beautiful from early summer to early autumn. Approximately 1,500 purple bellflowers are said to be blooming.About 1,000 years ago, Murasaki Shikibu may have been admiring the flowers, birds, wind, and moon here.Or perhaps there were moonlit nights that brought tears to his eyes. Being able to visit this place where he may have stood has made me even more curious about what kind of person the great man who wrote the world-famous masterpiece The Tale of Genji was like. Murasaki Shikibu was born around 970 in the Heian period to Fujiwara Tametoki, a lower-ranking aristocrat who was also an educated man who also worked as a tutor for Emperor Kazan. During his childhood , he went through a difficult period mentally, losing his mother, sister, and best friend. According to the “Murasaki Shikibu Diary” written by Murasaki Shikibu herself, while her younger brother Nobunori was struggling to learn Chinese from her father, she memorized everything just by listening to him.From childhood, her father Tametoki always lamented, “It’s a shame that you weren’t a boy.” Even though he was proud of his talent, Her diary reveals the struggle of not being able to affirm herself simply because she is a woman.Around 998, in her late twenties, she married Nobutaka Fujiwara and was blessed with a child (Kenko Fujiwara), but her happy time was short-lived, and after only three years, Nobutaka passed away, leaving behind her wife and child.A poem has been left behind that captures a part of her feelings at this time.Her sense of loss and sadness at losing her beloved husband. It is said that he began writing The Tale of Genji shortly after this, around 1002 , probably because he wanted to relieve his loneliness.When you think of a Heian aristocrat, you may have a flamboyant image, but Murasaki Shikibu lived a pretty tough life, especially in the first half of his life.Inside the main hall, there are valuable materials on display, such as the national treasure “The Tale of Genji Emaki,” and souvenirs like this are also on sale. Please come and see it for yourself! After visiting Luzanji Temple, I found it to be a highly recommended spot for fans of the Tale of Genji as well as those who would like to learn more about Murasaki Shikibu! “Murasaki Shikibu and Heiankyo” I think we got off to a good start. Now let’s head to the next spot! Just a few minutes’ walk to the north on your right after leaving Rozan-ji Temple , you will reach a historical site in Kyoto . There is the remains of the mansion of Fujiwara Teiie. Teiie was an aristocrat from the late Heian period to the early Kamakura period, about 200 years later than Murasaki Shikibu. He was a master of waka poetry and was known as a “poetry master,” including being selected for the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu and the Shinkokin Wakashu. At that time, the original version of The Tale of Genji was already written by Murasaki Shikibu himself. However, through the efforts of Teika, the current 54 volumes of The Tale of Genji were compiled by compiling manuscripts collected from various places.In fact, the Tale of Genji that we can read today was written by Teika, who was a big fan of Murasaki Shikibu. It’s something that we desperately tried to hold on to even though the original was lost.By the way, in 2019, there was big news that shook the world: The Tale of Genji written by Teika in his own handwriting from about 800 years ago was discovered in the Reizei family storehouse.If you dig deeper into the relationship between Teika and The Tale of Genji, you’ll find many interesting stories, so if you’re interested, please check it out! Now, next we came to the Kyoto Imperial Palace, which is located just to the west of Ruzanji Temple! The Kyoto Imperial Palace was primarily used as the residence of the Emperor until the Meiji Restoration, and was first built in 794 when Emperor Kanmu moved the capital to Heiankyo. However, the Imperial Palace was moved to its current location during the Kamakura period, and the original residence of the Emperor is no longer in existence. The purpose of this trip is “Murasaki Shikibu and Heian-kyo,” so I would like to give you an overview of what Heian-kyo was like.In the first place, Heian-kyo is called “Singing Warbler (794), Heian-kyo.” This is a famous way to remember it, but it began in 794 when Emperor Kanmu moved the capital to the Kyoto Basin in order to avoid the radical Buddhist forces that were gaining power in Heijo-kyo, which was originally located in Nara.This is a satellite map of the Kyoto Basin. If you place the current main spots here, you’ll see the positional relationship like this.The area I’m standing on right now is near the south entrance of the Kyoto Imperial Palace, which is conspicuous in the satellite photo when I zoom in on the map.Incidentally, the Ruzanji Temple where Murasaki Shikibu lived earlier is right next to this, and the Kamogawa River flows right beyond it.Now , compared to current Kyoto City, What was Heiankyo, which was built over 1,200 years ago, like? If you superimpose the shape of the capital at that time on a current map, you’ll get an approximate shape like this. First of all, the overall size is 4.5 km from east to west and 5.2 km from north to south. It was built as a rectangular planned city by Emperor Kanmu . Suzaku-oji, about 84m wide, runs north-south through the city between the Daidairi, where the emperor lived and was the political center, and Rajomon, the entrance to the capital . The east side was called Sakyo and the west side was called Ukyo.Why are the left and right sides reversed? Some of you may have thought that, but in fact, this is not a careless mistake, but rather comes from the ancient idea that “Heian-kyo faces south”, which is the standard direction when looking at Heiankyo from the Daidairi, located in the north of the capital, where the Emperor resides, to the south . From the Emperor’s point of view, the left side is Sakyo, and the right side is Ukyo.Incidentally , inside the Daidairi, which was the center of government affairs, there was a Dairi where the Emperor lived and held ceremonies, and the Kyoto Imperial Palace where I am standing now corresponds to this Dairi part (I am talking about the role, not the location) . ) However, the Dairi suffered from frequent fires after its completion, and in 1331 at the end of the Kamakura period, the temporary Imperial Palace Sato Dairi, Tsuchimimon Higashinotoinden, began to be used as the Dairi, and it continued to be used for about 500 years, up to the present day.However , the location is different from the Dairi of Heiankyo, The main palaces of the current Kyoto Imperial Palace, which were built during the Edo period, followed the traditional Japanese architectural style from the Nara period to the Heian period , including the cypress bark roofing and the unwooden Shishinden building. This Shishinden is the main hall of the Dairi , and it is here that the enthronement ceremonies of Emperor Meiji, Emperor Taisho, and Emperor Showa were held.Strictly speaking, it was not the Dairi that Murasaki Shikibu served; It used to be called Ichijo-in, a village dairi, but I recommend the Kyoto Imperial Palace because you can enjoy the atmosphere of that time.By the way, there is a shrine called Heian Jingu in Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, across the Kamo River.The Chodo-in, which was an important facility for politics and rituals in the Daidairi of Heian-kyo, has been recreated in the style of the time, along with the Otenmon gate at the entrance.This Heian-jingu Shrine was built to commemorate the 1100th anniversary of the transfer of the capital to Heian-kyo. It was built in 1895 to enshrine Emperor Kanmu, but since it has been restored on a smaller scale than the actual Chodo-in, you can imagine that the Heian Palace at that time was much larger than we imagined. Returning to the Kyoto Imperial Palace, after Shishinden, we will tour Seiryoden. Seiryoden was originally a palace for the emperor’s daily life. It is said that important court ceremonies were held here.The architecture and interior furnishings of Seiryoden were also rebuilt following the style of the Heian period.It is quite impressive to think that this is exactly the place where the emperor lived. I am once again reminded that I am seeing something precious.If we focus on the era in which Murasaki Shikibu lived, there was an emperor called Emperor Ichijo who lived in the Dairi of Heian Palace, but in 999 there was a fire in the Dairi. Emperor Ichijo began to live in the village dairi, such as Ichijo-in , and the story is connected. Under the reign of Emperor Ichijo, it was Murasaki Shikibu, the main character of this video, who served one of the empresses, Shoko Chugu. So , after the death of her husband Nobutaka, Murasaki Shikibu wrote The Tale of Genji. Why did she decide to serve as Chugu Akiko’s wife? In fact, the person who scouted Murasaki Shikibu at this time was the father of Chugu Akiko, another key person who is essential when talking about this era. Fujiwara no Michinaga was the man who established the peak of the Fujiwara regent government.The family tree shows the relationship between Fujiwara no Michinaga and Murasaki Shikibu.During the Heian period, there was a movement in which the Northern Fujiwara family deepened their influence by marrying the emperor’s maternal relatives, that is, their daughters, to the emperor and making her the mother of the next emperor. Fujiwara Kaneie also married his daughter, Akiko, to Emperor Enyu, and when her son, Emperor Ichijo, ascended the throne, Kaneie, who became the Emperor’s maternal grandfather, assumed the position of “regent”, assisting the young Emperor Ichijo, who ascended the throne at the age of seven, with the political affairs. Michinaga, the fifth son of Kaneie, initially followed in the footsteps of his older brother, Michitaka, and his father, Kaneie. Just before the family died, Emperor Ichijo married Teiko, the daughter of his older brother Michitaka, and the person who served Chugu Teiko was Sei Shonagon, famous for “The Pillow Book.” Teiko was loved by Emperor Ichijo, and rose to the position of Kanpaku, who supported the Emperor, as it was thought that the successor would come from the middle Kanpaku family, including Michitaka. A fierce power struggle began between Ishu , Michitaka’s son, and Michinaga . In 996, Ishu and others attacked the former Emperor Hanayama, the Cloistered Emperor Hanayama. Shocked by the Chotoku Incident, Sadako, who was also a member of the Nakakanpaku family, became a priest. Afterwards, Michinaga married his daughter Shoko to Emperor Ichijo, but the Emperor’s love for Sadako was deep. Sadako, who had become a monk, was called back to the imperial court, and the first prince, Imperial Prince Atsuyasu, was born.However , in 1000, Sadako died giving birth to his third child, leaving Emperor Ichijo deeply saddened.There are various theories about this. However, in order to help Shoko, who was still young at the time, grow up to be a empress that would attract Emperor Ichijo’s attention , she lost her beloved, just like Emperor Ichijo, and began writing “The Tale of Genji,” which was popular among the aristocrats at the time. There is a theory that Michinaga scouted Murasaki Shikibu and at the same time assisted him in writing the story.The Murasaki Shikibu Diary, which records the real situation in the imperial court and Murasaki Shikibu’s feelings at this time, describes the above about Murasaki Shikibu and Fujiwara Michi at the time. This is an overview of the relationship between the chiefs.Which of Shoko and Sadako’s children will be the successor to Emperor Ichijo? And what kind of life will Murasaki Shikibu lead after serving Shoko? I will explain the rest later, but I would like to return to the Kyoto trip for now! Come to think of it, I was at the Kyoto Imperial Palace. I think the level of excitement will be different if you go around a place where you can feel the atmosphere of the Heian period after knowing the story I just shared with you, or if you go around without any prerequisite information, so I think it would be a good idea to do some research before actually visiting. However, I think it is quite difficult to maintain a building and garden of this scale. I really have to thank the craftsmen. After leaving the Kyoto Imperial Palace, the next destination is about 4 km away, so I will rent a bicycle from here. The Kamogawa River and the mountains in winter are also dignified and truly beautiful. The next spots related to Murasaki Shikibu are: Kamigamo Shrine located in Kita Ward, Kyoto City! It is one of the oldest shrines in Kyoto, and its origins date back to mythical times.It is surprising that the foundations of the shrine, which is almost the same size as today, were built in 677, more than 100 years before Heiankyo was built.Kamigamo Shrine is also registered as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site.The Shikinen Sengu was completed 11 years later. Even the guide gives you a sense of its historical scale. Kamigamo Shrine has 24 shrines dedicated to deities related to the main shrine, and one of them is Katayama Miko Shrine, commonly known as Kataoka Shrine. About 1,000 years ago, Murasaki Shikibu actually visited this shrine, and as you can see in this photo, There is a record of reading a song that goes, “Until the hototogisu (some say that the man I’m in love with) appears , I’ll be waiting forever under the treetops of Kataoka Shrine forest, even if I get wet with morning dew drops.” This Kataoka Shrine has been said to have divine virtues of matchmaking since ancient times, and is said to be especially popular with women.The ancient Japanese architecture and nature within the shrine grounds are also very beautiful! However, please be aware that prior permission is required to take videos.I forgot to ask for permission this time…I’m sorry that I can’t tell you all the details, but it’s a really recommended place.I found a shop that caught my attention right in front of Kamigamo Shrine! I didn’t know about it, but apparently it’s a specialty called “Yakimochi.” You can even take it home freshly made on the spot.It’s freshly baked and looks delicious… I took the opportunity to buy two types, the regular mugwort flavor.I just bought this mugwort yakimochi at a yakimochi shop over there.They grill it on the spot.It’s so warm in the cold weather, and it really helps my hands . The skin of the onion has red bean paste inside, and it’s delicious.It soaks up my body in this cold weather.I hadn’t eaten anything since morning, so this was my first snack of the day.After about 2km south from Kamigamo Shrine , we arrived at our destination, Daitokuji Temple! Founded in the Kamakura period (1315), this temple is the head temple of the Daitokuji school of the Rinzai sect and is recognized by the imperial family.However, it was reduced to ashes during the Onin War, and was rebuilt by Zen master Ikkyu.After that, it prospered greatly, with many Sengoku warlords learning Zen here. Oda Nobunaga’s funeral was also held at this Daitokuji temple by Toyotomi Hideyoshi.There are some spots here that are related to Murasaki Shikibu.Here is a map of Daitokuji Temple.I’m just inside this main gate, and it’s quite large. After walking for a few minutes from the entrance, I arrived at Shinjuan, which was founded by the Zen master Ikkyu about 600 years ago.There are many things to see here, including a well that is said to have been used for Murasaki Shikibu’s birth bath, and a golden folding screen depicting the Tale of Genji painted in the 17th century. You can view valuable items related to Murasaki Shikibu , but they are generally only open to the public for a limited time. We recommend that you check in advance.There is a legend that the well of Murasaki Shikibu’s birth bath still remains in this Shinjuan, but right next to Daitokuji is a place called Unrin-in (Unrin-tei) that appears in the Tale of Genji. There is a place that has connections to Komomurasaki Shikibu, so I think I’ll head over there next time.By the way, Daitokuji is a fairly large and historic Zen temple, so I recommend you to see other places besides Shinjuan! The ceiling painting of this dragon was quite impressive and I was moved.This dragon painting was painted by an artist named Ishison Inoue at the age of 83! Just outside Daitokuji Temple, I found an address sign that said “Shino”, which is the name of a place in this area.Just as there was a well that was said to have been used for Murasaki Shikibu’s birth bath, it is said that she was born in this very area. But it’s an interesting coincidence. This area, north of what was once Heiankyo, is a scenic place where purple grass, considered a noble color, bloomed, and Unrin-tei, the villa of Emperor Junna, the son of Emperor Kanmu, was built here. After that, Unrin-tei became a temple called Unrin-in, and its name appears in the Tale of Genji.There is also an anecdote that Murasaki Shikibu’s mother (Fujiwara no Tamenobu) visited Unrin-in for a safe delivery, and there is a theory that this area was the birthplace of Murasaki Shikibu and where he spent his later years . What was Murasaki Shikibu’s life like from the time he was scouted by Fujiwara no Michinaga as a tutor for his daughter Akiko until his later years ? Earlier, as a result of a power struggle between the Nakakanpaku family and Michinaga and others, Michinaga won, and in order to educate his daughter Shoko, who he had married to Emperor Ichijo, he appointed Murasaki Shikibu, who had already become popular among the aristocrats for the appeal of the Tale of Genji, as Shiko’s tutor and caretaker wife. Personally, I think that the theory that Michinaga, who was extremely powerful at the time, was a secret supporter of the writing of the Tale of Genji , is a strong theory because Murasaki Shikibu, who was from a middle-class aristocracy, had an inexhaustible supply of paper, which was a very valuable item during the Heian period.Incidentally , the Tale of Genji is often divided into three major works. It is a long novel with 54 volumes when all the chapters are combined, but in addition to the fair copies, if you include drafts and miswritten parts, It is estimated that more than 2,000 sheets of paper were needed. Even if he conceived a long story that he wanted to express , Murasaki Shikibu was confident that he could write it to the end with Michinaga’s support. It is said that Murasaki Shikibu began to serve Shoko at the imperial court around 1006. Shoko was 18 years old at this time, and I believe that she made a big decision to write a full-length novel written by a woman (at least no records exist). Michinaga, who was often ill, was anxious for the birth of a son of his own blood with Emperor Ichijo.When Murasaki Shikibu entered the imperial court, Emperor Ichijo began to visit Shoshi frequently , perhaps because he wanted to read The Tale of Genji . The relationship between Emperor Ichijo and Shoko deepened, and in 1008, two years after Murasaki Shikibu entered the imperial court, the long-awaited Crown Prince, later Emperor Go-Ichijo, was born.Murasaki Shikibu did not depict the actual imperial succession issue that was occurring in the imperial court in the same way as in The Tale of Genji. It is said that by incorporating realistic political drama and increasing the depth of the work, he may have gained the interest of Emperor Ichijo.Incidentally, Murasaki Shikibu’s “Murasaki Shikibu Diary” is a valuable document that conveys the real situation of the time to today . He wrote this after he entered the imperial court, and the circumstances of Shoshi’s birth and the birth of the Crown Prince are thoroughly described, and in particular, in the description of Michinaga, we see that he was so doting to his grandson, who would become the future Emperor, that he was even happy when his clothes were soiled. After that, Shoko successfully gave birth to another son, the future Emperor Gosuzaku, and the power base of Michinaga’s family gradually became more solid.Murasaki Shikibu continued to serve Shoko after that. While writing The Tale of Genji, Murasaki Shikibu, who entered the court with a reputation as a talented woman with musical instruments, had a hard time getting to know her original wives , and at one point became depressed and became reclusive for about five months.Murasaki Shikibu’s diary states: Murasaki Shikibu, a great man from 1,000 years ago, reveals her feelings as she struggles with interpersonal relationships in the imperial court.She loses her husband when her child is young, and is left with the pressure of being a mother and the cold stares of those around her towards a talented woman. When you read Murasaki Shikibu’s diary, you can see that Bu himself was actually suffering from various worries and conflicts in his life.If you walk about 500 meters from Unrin-in Temple, you will find Murasaki Shikibu and Ono. There is a grave of Takamura (Takamura) .There is a legend that Ono Takamura was a court noble in the early Heian period and assisted in trials under King Enma.Why did Ono Takamura and Murasaki Shikibu live in different eras for more than 100 years? The reason why the graves are next to each other is that there has been a precept in Buddhism from that time that “you must not lie,” but after Murasaki Shikibu’s death, some believe that he was the author of The Tale of Genji, a great story of love and lust in which the desires of men and women swirl. Rumors began to spread that she had fallen into hell.In order to save Murasaki Shikibu, who was said to be in such agony, a shrine was built next to the grave of Ono Takamura, who was said to be known as King Enma. The culture of memorializing Murasaki Shikibu, which was born at that time, is called “Genji Kuyo,” and a Noh performance and a play by Yukio Mishima were also created based on this.Fujiwara Sada, who was introduced at the beginning It’s moving to think that the feelings towards Murasaki Shikibu of the people who loved the Tale of Genji, like those at home, made this happen.I mentioned earlier that perhaps partly due to Murasaki Shikibu’s education, Chugu Shoshi successfully succeeded the future Emperors Goichijo and Gosuzaku. Two years later, in 1011, Emperor Ichijo passed away.After that , Emperor Sanjo ascended to the throne (inherited the throne), but due to his declining health and pressure from Michinaga, He abdicated the throne in 1016. In this way, Shoshi and Emperor Ichijo’s eldest son finally ascended to the throne (inherited the throne) as Emperor Goichijo at the age of just 9 years. At this time, a debate arose between Sadako’s son, who had been born earlier, and Shoshi’s son, who had been born later, as to who should be the emperor, but Michinaga already had great power at that time, Priority was given to Shoko’s child. Murasaki Shikibu is said to have died in Murasakino around 1016 (there are various theories) when Michinaga became the regent as a maternal relative of Emperor Goichijo. After Murasaki Shikibu’s death, she was the only daughter of Nobutaka. A certain wise child succeeded her mother and served Shoko. Afterwards, this wise child became Emperor Go-Reizei’s wet nurse and was promoted to the highest rank of a wife, a samurai of the third rank, serving the emperor and empress.In addition to being a woman with a lot of love, Her talent as a poet, which she inherited from her mother, was also very good, and her waka poems were selected as one of Hyakunin Isshu, and many of her famous poems have been handed down to future generations under the name “Daini Sanmi”. It may be that Murasaki Shikibu’s educational policy, which was so excellent that she was told that “I wish she had been a boy,” helped her develop such a talented woman. This is Murasaki Shikibu’s grave. It may not be exactly where she died, but her grave is currently set up here along with Ono Takamura. Flowers are still placed on the grave of a person from 1,000 years ago, and flowers are still placed here, passed down through the generations by people who admired her. Visiting Daitoku-ji Temple, Unrin-in Temple, and Murasaki Shikibu’s tomb is located in Murasakino, which has been maintained for a long time , but there is actually one more recommended spot . That is Mt. Funaoka. It is a small mountain that suddenly appears in the middle of the city. In fact, it is a quite important place when talking about Heiankyo. Earlier in this video, I told you about the scale of Heiankyo at the time. This Mt. Funaoka is located exactly on the center line of Heiankyo. There is also a theory that Emperor Kanmu looked down on the Kyoto basin from here and decided to move the capital to Heiankyo, so it is also known as “Kunimi Hill.” This is a reconstructed map of Heiankyo at that time . Although the orientation is reversed from the map, From Suzaku-oji Street, you can see that Mount Funaoka is located just north of Heian-kyo, passing through the Daidairi, where the Emperor lived.If you look down on Heian-kyo from here, you can see the beautiful, orderly “checkerboard” shape of the capital, just as Emperor Kanmu is said to have done. Nowadays , you can see Kyoto Tower and other things from Mt. Funaoka.You can also clearly see the topographical features of the Kyoto basin, such as the surrounding mountains and the open city area.Mt. Funaoka is a small mountain with an altitude of about 100 meters, I think you can climb to the top of the mountain without any special preparations. Halfway up the mountain is Kenkun Shrine, which enshrines Oda Nobunaga, and there are also fashionable shops in the surrounding area, so be sure to stop by when you come to Murasaki! On the way to the final destination, I found a delicious-looking baked sweet potato shop.I just found a purple sweet potato that was perfect for this video, so I felt a connection and bought it.It was my first meal of the day (I had forgotten about the snack I had earlier).I went through a back street and came to Senbon-dori, which is located at the site of the former Suzaku-oji street! There is an explanatory version of the site of the Dairi and the Tale of Genji right here, but in fact, this place is already inside the former Daidairi.This Shishinden is the one we saw earlier at the Kyoto Imperial Palace. From now on, I would like to take a walk around the Daidairi, the place where the Emperor once lived.As I was walking, I immediately came across the ruins of Shukukeisha.This place is also known as Kiritsubo, and in the story of The Tale of Genji, this was the place where Koi Kiritsubo, the mother of Hikaru Genji, the main character, lived.The Shokoden ruins are located behind Shishinden. A stone monument stands at the edge of a Kyoto-machiya-style inn.It is said that Queen Kiko (Emperor Murakami’s mistress), who once lived in this place, turned into a living spirit out of jealousy of the women around her beloved Hikaru Genji. It is said that he was the model for Rokujo Palace , the main character in the first half of the story.Next to it is the ruins of Kokiden.In The Tale of Genji, Kokiden Nyogo also appears as a person who opposes Hikaru Genji.This is the remains of the inner part of the emperor’s residence.As a result of excavation, excavations revealed that there are culverts for residential drainage, etc. It is said that some ruins have been discovered, and in a residential area, there is a lot of land that is reminiscent of those days.Currently , we are passing through an area that was once the center of Heiankyo, and there are quite a lot of private houses in modern times, and Heiankyo was over 1000 years ago. So it’s interesting that kids can say things like, ` `My house is the residence of the emperor 1,000 years ago,” or something like, “My house is the inside of my house.” When I was born in this area, I remember thinking that my house was originally the center of the capital, and it was the residence of the emperor. I’d get a little excited if I found out that it was the least obscene place in Japan , so I’m not saying it’s a big deal, but I’d like to ask the people around here: Do they actually have any thoughts?As expected, the former Heian capital is now just an ordinary house. This means that it has become a city. Nowadays, we can live here normally. Currently, an infield park is being maintained at the site of the Daigokuden in Heiankyo . As I mentioned earlier in the explanation of the Kyoto Imperial Palace, this Daigokuden is a place where politics and rituals from the Heian period were built. If you look at the reconstructed map of Heiankyo, which was the very center of the nation , you can see that just beyond Suzaku-oji, which runs through the center, is the Daigokuden inside the Daidairi.As I introduced at the beginning, Heian Shrine has been rebuilt to a slightly smaller size from what it looked like back then.I would like to visit the Daigokuden ruins and Heian Shrine as a set. It takes about an hour to walk, so we recommend checking your means of transportation in advance.In Uchino Park, there is a splendid stone monument marking the site of the Daigokuden.When you think that 1,000 years later, almost no traces of the former center of the nation will remain, it makes you feel like things are in a state of impermanence.I would like to eat this purple sweet potato at the site of the Daigokuden in Heiankyo.It ‘s the one I bought earlier.It’s delicious! The inside is also purple, and I did n’t eat anything for lunch today, so I couldn’t stop by this time due to time constraints, but if you go further south from here, there is a temple called Shinsenen.If you want to deepen the history of Heiankyo, I definitely recommend this place . The Forbidden Garden was built around the same time as Heiankyo was being developed, and was a garden for the Emperor and other members of the imperial family.It is said that Kukai and others held rituals to pray for rain in this area during droughts because of the rich water flowing out of it.Finally , we stopped by the Kyoto Cultural Museum, where we also learned about Heiankyo’s transition as a city. We also recommend the Kyoto City Archaeological Museum and the Kyoto City Heiankyo Souseikan, where you can learn about the changing of the land and Murasaki Shikibu’s footprints along with a wealth of materials.We also recommend visiting the Kyoto City Archaeological Museum and the Kyoto City Heiankyo Souseikan to learn about the history and culture of the Heian period, as shown in this video.We will write information in the comments section, so be sure to check it out! This time, we visited many spots under the theme of “Murasaki Shikibu and Heiankyo,” and we finally returned to Kyoto Station after completing the entire trip.Contrary to Murasaki Shikibu’s brilliant achievements as the author of The Tale of Genji, which is a world-renowned women’s literature , her As I unraveled his life little by little, I realized that he was a person who never gave up and continued to express what was flowing from within him, even though his life was full of ups and downs.In addition to the painful experience of losing his mother and sister when he was young, Even though she demonstrated academic talent, her father lamented that she should have been a man, and her beloved husband died soon after marriage, and she was bullied due to her low status at the palace where she worked.Personally , I think it would be difficult for an ordinary person to pursue such creative activities under such circumstances. However, Murasaki Shikibu used these painful experiences and his keen eye to observe people to create a magnificent story that has been read for 1,000 years and gives us a sense of the universality and impermanence rooted in human instincts.There is a passage in The Tale of Genji that seems to be an expression of the author Murasaki Shikibu’s own thoughts.

今回は、前回に引き続き京都を散策！
世界最古の女流長編小説といわれる「源氏物語」の著者、
紫式部が生きた約1000年前の平安京の遺構を巡りました。

前回：https://youtu.be/CHvevkLPKlc?si=Gf1KJip8Sa92dJqG

【動画目次】
0:00 オープニング
0:35 廬山寺（紫式部の前半生）
5:23 藤原定家の邸跡（源氏物語の伝承に果たした定家の大きな貢献）
6:40 京都御所（平安京と御所の解説）
11:20 紫式部と藤原道長の関係性（中関白家と道長らの権力闘争）
15:38 上賀茂神社（片岡社と紫式部）
18:22 紫野（大徳寺と雲林院）
21:30 紫式部はなぜ源氏物語を執筆することができたのか？
24:30 紫式部の挫折と苦悩
25:34 紫式部墓所（紫式部の後半生と娘賢子の人生）
29:07 船岡山（国見の丘から京都盆地を臨む）
30:42 おやつの紫芋
30:57 大内裏跡地を散策（大極殿遺址）
35:02 神泉苑と京都文化博物館
36:00 エンディング

【参考情報、文献】
廬山寺
https://www7a.biglobe.ne.jp/~rozanji/31sikibu.html
京都御所　宮内庁
https://kyoto-gosho.kunaicho.go.jp/
天徳四年・内裏炎上　京都市埋蔵文化財研究所
https://www.kyoto-arc.or.jp/news/leaflet/009.pdf
Short biography of Murasaki Shikibu 1891 Artist Adachi Shōsai Ginkō – The Art Gallery of NSW
https://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/collection/works/408.2008.1.a-c/
Poetess Murasaki Shikibu 楊洲周延　Smithsonian’s National Museum of Asian Art
https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/poetess-murasaki-shikibu-0011/ewG6Hk2Mfu8raw
上賀茂神社
https://www.kamigamojinja.jp/
片山御子神社
https://www.kamigamojinja.jp/shaden/kataokasha/
大徳寺
https://daitokujidaijiin.com/daitokuji.html
『紫日記』(国文学研究資料館所蔵)　国書データベース
https://kokusho.nijl.ac.jp/biblio/200041543/4?ln=ja
船岡山
https://kyoto-funaokayama.com/area/
平安京
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%AE%89%E4%BA%AC#/media/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Heiankyo_overall_model.jpg
藤原定家自筆源氏物語
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%97%A4%E5%8E%9F%E5%AE%9A%E5%AE%B6%E8%87%AA%E7%AD%86%E6%9C%AC%E6%BA%90%E6%B0%8F%E7%89%A9%E8%AA%9E
桓武天皇
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A1%93%E6%AD%A6%E5%A4%A9%E7%9A%87#/media/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Emperor_Kammu_large.jpg
一条天皇
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%9D%A1%E5%A4%A9%E7%9A%87#/media/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Emperor_Ichij%C5%8D.jpg
藤原彰子
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%97%A4%E5%8E%9F%E5%BD%B0%E5%AD%90#/media/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Empress_Shoshi_and_son.jpg
藤原定子
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%95%E8%8D%89%E5%AD%90%E7%B5%B5%E8%A9%9E#/media/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Pillow_Book_illustrated6.JPG
清少納言
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B0%91%E7%B4%8D%E8%A8%80#/media/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sei_Shonagon2.jpg
藤原賢子
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Daini_no_Sanmi_%E5%A4%A7%E5%BC%90%E4%B8%89%E4%BD%8D%EF%BC%88%E8%97%A4%E5%8E%9F%E8%B3%A2%E5%AD%90%EF%BC%89%E5%A5%B3%E6%88%BF%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E6%AD%8C%E4%BB%99_Thirty-Six_Immortal_Women_Poets.jpg
紫式部日記絵巻
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E5%BC%8F%E9%83%A8%E6%97%A5%E8%A8%98%E7%B5%B5%E5%B7%BB
小野篁
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E9%87%8E%E7%AF%81#/media/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Ono_no_Takamura.jpg
上村松園『焔』（東京国立博物館所蔵）
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%9D%A1%E5%BE%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%89%80#/media/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Uemura-Flame-1918.jpg
使用音源：artlist

※本動画は2024年1月に撮影されたものです。