草津宿にあった立木神社に参拝。I visited Tachiki Shrine in Kusatsu-juku.

草津宿にあった立木神社に参拝。I visited Tachiki Shrine in Kusatsu-juku.

社伝によると称徳天皇の時代である神護景雲元年(767年)、武甕槌命が常陸国(現・茨城県)の鹿島神宮より白鹿に乗って大和国(現・奈良県)春日神社(現・春日大社)への勧請の旅の途中、当地に到着した。武甕槌命は持っていた柿の鞭を地面に刺して「この木が生え付くならば吾永く大和国三笠の山(現・春日大社)に鎮まらん」と言うと、柿の木が生成した。それを見た里人はこの木を崇めて社殿を建立し、武甕槌命を祀り、社名を立木神社と称したのが始まりである[1]。春日大社とは兄弟の間柄となるが、春日大社の創建は神護慶雲2年(768年)となっており、当社が兄といえる[2]。
宝亀8年(777年)、大旱魃になった際に光仁天皇が中臣諸魚へ勅し当社に雨乞いの祈願をさせたところ見事に大雨が降ってきた。光仁天皇はそのお礼として当社に新たな社殿を造営したが、この際に正一位の神階を授けたという説が残っている。さらに「立木大明神」の勅額を賜わった[3]。また、延暦5年(786年)に桓武天皇より正一位の神階を授かったともいわれ、弘治3年(1557年)に正一位を授かったとの記録も当社にはあり、神号はそれ以降に始まったとの説もある。
延暦20年(801年)、征夷大将軍の坂上田村麻呂が蝦夷征討に出陣した際当社に立ち寄り、道中安全と厄除開運を祈願し、大般若経一部を寄進している。
室町時代の長享元年(1487年)、室町幕府将軍足利義尚が近江守護六角高頼を征伐するために栗太郡鈎に陣を敷いた(鈎の陣)時、当社に武運長久を祈願して四脚門(現・神門)を寄進している。
江戸時代の正保2年(1645年)に膳所藩主石川忠総が社領23石を寄進している。
当社は草津宿にあり、東海道と中山道の分岐点でもあるために大変な賑わいを見せた。また参勤交代のおりに諸国の大名が草津宿を通過する際には必ず当社に道中安全を祈願し、結果、事故災難はなかったと伝えられている。
1876年(明治9年)、村社に列格する。1881年(明治14年)に郷社に昇格する。
新聞学研究の先駆者小野秀雄は、第38代神主・秀円の長男として、1885年(明治18年)に当社神官の家で誕生している。

According to the shrine’s legend, in the first year of Jingo Keiun (767) during the reign of Emperor Shotoku, Takemikazuchi-no-Mikoto arrived here on a white deer while traveling from Kashima Shrine in Hitachi Province (present-day Ibaraki Prefecture) to Kasuga Shrine (present-day Kasuga Taisha) in Yamato Province (present-day Nara Prefecture) to pray for the deity of the deity. Takemikazuchi-no-Mikoto stuck his persimmon whip into the ground and said, “If this tree grows, I will remain forever on Mt. Mikasa in Yamato Province (present-day Kasuga Taisha),” and a persimmon tree was born. The villagers who saw this worshiped the tree, built a shrine, enshrined Takemikazuchi-no-Mikoto, and named the shrine Tachiki Shrine.[1] Although it is a sibling of Kasuga Taisha, the founding of Kasuga Taisha was in the second year of Jingo Keiun (768), so this shrine can be considered the older brother.[2]
In the 8th year of the Houki era (777), when there was a severe drought, Emperor Kōnin ordered Nakatomi no Moroo to pray for rain at this shrine, and torrential rains fell. As a token of his gratitude, Emperor Kōnin built a new shrine building at this shrine, and there is a theory that he bestowed the rank of Shoichii on this occasion. He also received an imperial seal bearing the title “Tachiki Daimyojin” [3]. It is also said that the shrine was given the rank of Shoichii by Emperor Kanmu in the 5th year of the Enryaku era (786), and there is also a record of the shrine being given the rank of Shoichii in the 3rd year of the Kōji era (1557), so there is a theory that the title of god began after that.

In the 20th year of the Enryaku era (801), when Shogun Sakanoue no Tamuramaro set out on his expedition to conquer the Emishi, he stopped by this shrine, praying for safety on the journey and good fortune, and donated a copy of the Great Prajnaparamita Sutra.

In the first year of the Chokyo era (1487) during the Muromachi era, when Shogun Ashikaga Yoshihisa of the Muromachi Shogunate set up camp at Kushi in Kurita County to subjugate Omi Shugo Rokkaku Takayori (Kushi no Jin), he donated a four-legged gate (now Shinmon) to this shrine as a prayer for continued military success.
In the second year of the Shoho era (1645) during the Edo era, Ishikawa Tadafusa, lord of the Zeze domain, donated 23 koku of land to the shrine.
This shrine is located in Kusatsu-juku, and is also a junction of the Tokaido and Nakasendo roads, so it was very busy. In addition, when feudal lords from various provinces passed through Kusatsu-juku on their alternate attendance trips, they would always pray to this shrine for safety on their journey, and it is said that as a result, there were no accidents or disasters.
In 1876 (Meiji 9), it was ranked as a village shrine. In 1881 (Meiji 14), it was promoted to a village shrine.
Hideo Ono, a pioneer in journalism research, was born in 1885 (Meiji 18) into a family of priests at this shrine as the eldest son of Hidemaru, the 38th chief priest of the shrine.

사전에 의하면 칭토쿠 천황의 시대인 신호 경운 원년(767년), 타케시 츠키무리가 상륙국(현·이바라키현)의 가시마 신궁에서 시라카를 타고 야마토국(현·나라현) 가스가 신사(현·카스가 대사)에의 권청의 여행의 도중, 당지에 도착했다. 타케시 츠바사명은 가지고 있던 감의 채찍을 땅에 찔러 “이 나무가 태어나면 오가와쿠 야마토국 미카사의 산(현·가스가타이샤)에 진정하지 않는다”고 말하면 감나무가 생성했다. 그것을 본 리토는 이 나무를 숭배하여 사전을 건립하고, 무한 망명을 모시고, 사명을 타치기 신사라고 칭한 것이 시작이다[1]. 가스가 타이샤와는 형제의 사이지만, 카스가 타이샤의 창건은 신호 경운 2년(768년)이 되어, 당사가 형이라고 할 수 있다[2].
호쿠메이 8년(777년), 대암포가 되었을 때에 광인 천황이 중신 제어에 훈해 당사에 비 거지의 기원을 했더니 훌륭하게 폭우가 내려왔다. 광인천황은 그 답례로 당사에 새로운 사전을 조영했지만, 이 때 정1위의 신층을 주었다는 설이 남아 있다. 게다가 「타치키 다이묘진」의 훈액을 받았다[3]. 또, 연기 5년(786년)에 계무 천황보다 정일위의 신층을 받았다고도 하며, 히로지 3년(1557년)에 정일위를 받았다는 기록도 당사에는 있어, 신호는 그 이후에 시작되었다는 설도 있다.
연기 20년(801년), 정이대장군의 사카가미다무라 마로가 에조정토에 출진했을 때 당사에 들러, 도중 안전과 액제 개운을 기원해, 대반 청경 일부를 기진하고 있다.
무로마치 시대의 나가시 원년(1487년), 무로마치 막부 장군 아시카가 요시나가가 오미 수호 육각 고요토를 정벌하기 위해 쿠리타군 鈎에 진을 깔았을 때(우즈노진), 당사에 무운 나가히사를 기원해 사각문(현·신문)을 기진하고 있다.
에도시대인 쇼호 2년(1645년)에 선소번주 이시카와 타다총이 사령 23석을 기진하고 있다.
당사는 구사쓰주쿠에 있어 도카이도와 나카야마도의 분기점이기 때문에 힘든 활기를 보였다.

♯japan ♯立木神社 ♯滋賀県

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